Cross Curricullum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cross Curricullum - Essay ExampleThe process of instruction is as important as the heart learned (Newby 2005). Professor Colin J. Marsh (2004) suggests that any definition of computer program gives insight about its main characteristics and emphases. 1 of his definitions notes the significance of permanent subjects such as grammar, mathematics, reading, logic and literature of the Western world which represent prerequisite knowledge. This has been known as the knowledge-based program. This model of curriculum has been implemented in most schools. An example of this could be the National Curriculum in the UK which has specific content subjects with specific goals for student achievement. It is essential to remember that subjects and syllabi require to be adjusted to fit current culture and the society. One of the most traditional and most commonly used models is content or syllabus-based. Blenkin et al (1992) suggest that curriculum is delineated into subjects and delivered th rough a volume of knowledge-content. Education, he states, is the route where these can be transferred to students using efficient teaching and learning methods. This type of curriculum emphasizes students attending schools to learn subject-specific details. It also helps to use this model in assessment process where students, according to their gained dexterity can be grouped in to high and low achievers. Furthermore, it dictates what route a student get out be able to take. Students with high grades traditionally would be expected to progress to universities where less successful students would be advised to take a non academic route (i e. study a vocational programme or gain employment elsewhere). It is interesting to note that most of the employers are not as interested in a depth of ones subject knowledge but more on practical skills such as problem solving, analysing, evaluating, self-reflection and self discipline which are directly related to work (Ross, 2000). However, this does not discount the fact that subject-based curriculum will always have a place in education. The Review of the national primary curriculum of UK prioritizes the development of A strong, coherent curriculum which has flexibility to personalise teaching and learning is authoritative to driving up standards further. It is central to the ambitions we have set out in the Childrens Plan and to delivering the outcomes of the every(prenominal) Child Matters agenda. (Rose, 2009, p. 27). The key outcomes of Every Child Matters agenda are the following being healthy, staying safe, enjoying and achieving, making a positive contribution and economic well-being (HM Treasury, 2003).In addition, the Rose review likewise recommends that the curriculum must stomach all pupils with a broad and balanced entitlement to learning which encourages creativity and inspires in them a commitment to learning that will last a lifetime. (Rose, 2009, p. 27) Currently, the Association of Teachers and Le cturers, (ATL, 2006) proposes that changes in the National Curriculum should start with the pupil in mind his needs and interests and should be designed in terms of the skills and attitudes educators would want pupils to pursue and develop. Emphasis of the curriculum mu

Contract Law Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

learn Law Assignment - Essay ExampleThe above elements from are explained below. Offer and Acceptance. When one party proposes something to another, he is give tongue to to make an straits. If the party agrees to the proposal without whatever change in it, he is considered to have do the acceptance of that unfold. Thus, when the wish is accepted in a mirror image condition, a contract is said to have been formed subject to other conditions. This mirror image order is necessary to ensure that thither is a consensus of the subject matter among the parties i.e meeting of the minds between them. In other words, the acceptor has understood clearly what the offeror has meant. This is an objective test in English law to determine existence of a contract. An offer is incessantly confused with an invitation to distribute. Advertisements and displays in shops are the examples. They are not offers but invitation to treat. An acceptance must be unconditional and correspond to what the offeror purports to convey. A qualified acceptance becomes an offer and it is for the original offeree to accept or not, any change in the condition. If the qualified acceptance is accepted, the original offeror becomes the offeree and the qualified acceptor becomes the offeror. ... And not at the age of receipt of the letter by the offeror. If the letter is addressed incorrectly or posted improperly, postal rule will not apply. Contracts can also be concluded by fax and the Internet (Salzedo, Brunner and Ottley 2004). In Hyde v Wrench (1840) it was decided that a counter offer amounted to rejection of the original offer and therefore, subsequent acceptance of the original offer did not bind the offeree. In this case, the plaintiff made a counter offer of ? 950 against the offer of ? 1,000 by the defendant to sell his farm. On refusal of the counter offer, the plaintiff accepted the original offer of ? 1,000 which the defendant did not agree to. Therefore, the plaintiff brought a suit for specific performance. It depends on the wording of the offer and reply by the offeree. Sometimes the offeree may purport to make some enquiry in union with the offer made including some counter price when time limit to accept the offer has not ended (Oughton and Davis, 2000). In such cases, it cannot be taken as counter-offer or rejection of the offer as held in Stevenson, Jacques and Co v McLean (1880). In Carlil v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co (1893), the defendants advertised offering a reward to anyone who contracted influenza in spite of using their smoke ball meant to cure the disease. It was held that the advertising was an open offer or unilateral to the whole world and hence, any one relying on the offer, bought the crossroad was entitled to the reward if the product claim failed. The defendants contention that it was a mere invitation to treat was rejected. However, in Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd (1953), it was

Case of Dell in Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

part of Dell in Australia - Essay ExampleB2B and B2C become the main models used by companies to reach their mug audiences nod meet customers demands (Bearden et al 2004). It seems likely that direct selling from the manufacturer will grow exponentially. Indeed, it is this in truth transferability of breeding which virtually guarantees the demise of traditional industry boundaries. Companies are increasingly finding that, if they combine their information assets with those of other companies, the combined information resource is considerably more useful to all sides two and two, in this instance, bed acquit a lot more than four. Put together a social security measures or tax database with another database of people who owe debts and you have a means of tracking individualistic debtors over long periods of time and collecting the debt from them when they finally have the money to repay it (a process is cognize as debt surveillance and already being offered by some companies) ( Dedrick and Kraemer 2001). The corporate objectives of Dell are to make self-help more useful and easier to use, improve customer support and direct customer relationships. The clear and effective strategy allows a confederacy to redefine itself at all levels, from strategy to the operation of individual processes (Drejer, 2002). Dell, a company that is comparatively unconstrained by physical geography (a seller of services across the Internet, for example) can reconfigure its dissemination to take advantage of the variances in domestic tax regimes at virtually no cost it does not have any physical assets of any consequence that need to be relocated. For dell, its value chain can be seen as a series of interrelated functions within any organization that link its inputs (raw materials to a factory, inbound logistics to a retail outlet) to its outputs (outbound logistics, the sale of goods to customers), the virtual value chain refers to the value that can be generated by exploiti ng the information generated by any stage of thisprocess.

Sustainable water in Austrialia Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sustainable peeing in Austrialia - Assignment Examplee center of irrigate administration turned from expansionary objectives and expansive scale designing ventures to economic productivity and eco luculent concerns.Topic curse 3 Green growth portrays a procedure for practical financial advancement that perceives the interrelationship, whats more, between creed of components of the environment, economy, and society as an entirety.Cities can be outlined as water supply catchments where urban rainwater gets to be a piece of the supply in water-delicate urban areas (Smith, Vromen, & Cook, 2012). Water utilized for urban irrigate system and watering parks and road trees has a vital part in enhancing the liveability of Cities by temperature reduction the urban environment (diminishing the warmth island impact) and along these lines decreasing vitality interest for cooling.Investment choices by water powers ought to be in light of adjusted social, monetary and natural examination, edu cated by sound logical exhortation and actualized through straightforward and contestable methods.Adoption of changes implied in the states and domains dedication to the National Water Initiative, furthermore, all the more as of late asked by the Productivity Commission, would go far to enhancing Australias gainfulness and setting the way for a green development economy in the water and related

This is an essay on MSc International Finance Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

This is an on disseminated multiple sclerosis International Finance - Essay ExampleIf these two concepts are to be mingled, then it may cease up as the wrong medicine for a disease and lead to misjudgment and misallocation of resources.IMS does not promise every corrective measure addressed towards the increasing global imbalance. For the past few years the strength of the dollar is declining against the floating currencies of Europe (more specifically against euro and pound) and that of the Anglo Saxon world. However this bequeath lead to the leveling of the current billhook deficit of USA. It also ensures that US fiscal deficit has to be adjusted immediately resulting in a wide leap in tax rate and finally a 25 percent review article of US $. The Europeans are in need for structural reform to liberalize the sclerotic European agitate markets. However, neither US nor the European nations are adopting any corrective measures, making the current order as unsustainable. If this continues, the central bank of the Asian countries refuses to accumulate more dollars then in no time it will lead to a global recession. A viable IMS has to mend this type of disaster.

Memos Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Memos - Personal education ExampleThe professional persons include having increased productivity due to speed and convenience. Reason being, sales executives impart be able to travel in different places selling our furniture with their own devices. Management will homogeneouswise be able to keep in touch with them via emails so that they can be able to insure up on the important documents with their tablets (Theodoropoulos, 2013). The fact that the employees are working with devices that they are familiar with makes it easier for them to do a commendable job as opposed to working on new devices provided by the troupe. The other pro is that is saves on costs especially since the company is not the one providing the employees with the devices (Hinde, 2013). Should the employees need a device like an iPad, it is preferable that they part their own, as it will be cheaper. Many of the employees already bring in individualized laptops and bustling devices and in many cases, they j ust use them for business reasons. The pro related to BYOD is that it improves employees morale to work. This is because employees have their own unique preference whether it is an Android, iPhone or other different apps. Therefore allowing them to come with their own personal devices will improve the satisfaction that they have at work (Hinde, 2013). When employees are satisfied with where they work, they tend to be more productive translating to great benefits for the company. The BYOD however does not lack some few cons starting with having challenges managing security. For representative if an employee loses their device in which she or he has saved sensitive company information, there is a danger that it might fall in the wrong hands and be used to destroy the company. Therefore as a way to curb this, the company should have attends that are taken before any employee gets annoy to company information. In addition, in the event that an employee no longer works for the compan y, being able to think back the data will prove difficult The other con involves the company not having total control of how the employee uses their personal devices. This is compared to devices supplied by the company whereby there is an acceptable policy of how to use the device particularly laptops (Theodoropoulos, 2013). The company has challenges managing what the employees uses the device for unlike when the company puts a work only restriction. Before the company decides to use the BYOD, both the pros and cons should be put into deep thought (Hinde, 2013). Also the company should ask itself some of these questions how will it put back up data on their employees personal devices? Will the company have to grant for employees expenses like access of internet, phone bills? Moreover, will it be cost effective or another redundant cost for the company? Lastly, will the BYOD devices be linked to the company devices? Other firms are taking these precautions to find out they keep the BYOD under total control. In my opinion with the right strategy, the company can implement the BYOD. founder B Question B4 From To Nick F. Thyne Re its just like being there, only best It is true, realistic meetings can save the company from expensive travel expenses every year. The good thing is that implementing virtual meetings is quite a simple task to achieve. This is because the service is done electronically where users employ computers and other internet technology devices as a way to

Health Psychology Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Health Psychology - Article ExampleThe investigate further aimed at identifying use methods for managing do of the realized stress among the students and significance of the strategies. Further, the researchers aimed at exploring existence of substantive difference among the factors to stress, approaches to management, and the score of effects of stress that the students realize. The differences were based on gender, age, ethnicity, relationship status and previous contact with cancer patients (Jones, Fellows and Horne, 2011, p. 220).Research findings determine a significant difference in reported level of stress by gender in which females reported higher stress scores than males while the early(a) demographic factors did not report significant differences. The results identify cancer patients status as one of the factors to the students reported stress. Effects of the disease on patients forcible and psychological well being as well as effects on the patients family members a re other factors to the students stress. The process of disclosing bad news to relatives of a cancer patient is another stressor to the students. The participants also reported coating of problem and emotion focused coping strategies in managing stress and application of the strategies depended on the students reported degree of stress (Jones, Fellows and Horne, 2011, p. 221).One of the researchers recommendations is a further research to investigate possible impacts of the realized stress on the students health. Assuming the role of a nurse to implement this research, my research would include conclusion of a research question for exploring the new study. It would further include development of a research methodology for the research question, determination of the most appropriate design for implementation and sampling of medical students for the study. Data

Overview of the campaign at the battle of King's Mountain 1780 Essay

Overview of the campaign at the battle of poofs destiny 1780 - judge ExampleFerguson sent a warning to the frontiersmen if they did not desist from their opposition to the British army, and take resistance under his standard, he wouldmarch his army over the mountains, hang their leaders, and lay their country waste with dispatch and sword1. The patriots responded by gathering a force of about 1,400 militiamen, with no formal military training, belong to ten counties. Under the command of Col. William Campbell,of Washington County, Virginia, the Overmountain Men pursued Fergusons forces to Kings Mountain on the afternoon of 7 October. The patriots divided forces into four columns, encircled the mountain and attacked the defensive position of the stalwart forces on the exposed, rocky ridge. Using their skill in sharpshooting and moving under cover, learned in the frontiers wars, the patriots overwhelmed Fergusonss forces and decisively won the battle in a little over one hour of combat. sure figures give the casualties as 225 Loyalists killed, 163 wounded and 716 captured, while only 28 Patriots were killed, including Colonel James Williams, and 68 wounded.The Battle of Kings Mountain was a turning point in the Revolutionary War. Cornwallis retreated from Charlotte, North Carolina and was squeeze on the defensive. The patriots gained time to recoup and went on to win the

PR and the Media - Networking and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

PR and the Media - Networking and Ethics - Essay ExampleIntroduction Public dealing are one of the most master(prenominal) parts of marketing. Public relation is one of the key elements of the promotional mix. Public relations feces be defined as a way of communication done which the products or the services offered by one marketer is promoted or evaluated by a third troupe and hence this helps the marketers to develop an atmosphere of credibility and trust among the customers. Journalists and reporters happen to be one of the most important parts of the modern media. From the perspective of the marketing and public relations, the journalists play an important determination as a reference group. The evaluation made by the journalists about an organization or a product can actually influence the buying behavior of the public and hence the marketers usually look to develop creationive relationships with the journalists. However, among all these the ethical aspects of the journa lism are some that needs to be maintained. The present study has been conducted in order to analyze the relationship between journalism and PR keeping the ethical aspects of journalism in mind. Also the study looks to understand how the three different businesses can use one media connector to capital effect (Belch and Michael, 2005). Part -1 How journalistic ethics affects marketing public relations professionals Journalistic ethics comprises of the principles of the ethics and good practices applicable to the specific challenges faced by the journalists. Presently this subset of the media ethics is mainly known as the code of ethics. Increasing influence of the public relation professional has been quite detrimental to ethical journalism. The role of a journalist in the society is to provide information that serves the best interest of the public. This needs committal to the relatively less flexible principle of describe the most balanced and accurate version of the events and stories. On the other hand PR uses persuasive speeches to serve specific interests. However, the public relations experts are not at all bounded by the ethical code of the journalists. To explain the roles of journalism and public relations in simple terms, it can be said that role of journalism in the business of reporting and public relations is inevitable. But the penalty of such conflicts would lead to the inevitable decay to the overall tone of voice of PR and journalism (Kapferer, 2008). Importance of building relationships with journalists for the marketers The relationship of the marketers with journalists is extremely important and this is also the base of the fundamental interaction with the media. If someone is heading a startup company that has not been established yet it would be extremely important for the marketer to read the local publications and get the names of the local journalists and the reporters. Then the marketer whitethorn decide to contact appropriate reporter or journalist. It can be assumed that majority of the clock time the offer made by the marketer would be accepted simply because the journalists are constantly meddling for news and happen to be a lot more approachable than what normal people may perceive. However it is also advised that the marketer should not appear as though the marketer is sounding for free publicity because at the end of the day it is a win-win situation for both the parties. The same concept applies for established firms also as journalists can act as a credible source of communications as the buyers would

Socrates Wisdom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Socrates Wisdom - Essay Examplestarts his main(prenominal) argument in the trial by saying that his wisdom is only human wisdom and that he is willing to admit that there is a good chance he has that kind of wisdom (p.3 20e). He compares this to the kind of wisdom that is more than human, by which he means that of the god of Delphi (p.3 20e). This is because the oracle told Chairephon that there was no man impertinentr than Socrates (p.3 21a). Socrates talks rough his distress at hearing this, and explains that he went to ask a chunk of different the great unwashed about their knowledge, hoping to refute the oracle there if anywhere, and reply to it with proof (p.4 21c).He past runs through some of the encounters he had with people he talked to. He starts with a politician who was supposedly wise moreover it seemed to me that while this man was considered to be wise twain by many other people and especi onlyy by himself, he was not. (p.4 21e). When Socrates tries to explain th is, he becomes hated. After he had gone through all the politicians with similar results, he tries the poets. The poets come off a little better, for although they are not wise luxuriant to explain their own poetry, but that they are possessed, like the seers and fortune-tellers, who also say many fine things but know nothing about what theyre saying. (p.4 22c). On the other hand, they think themselves wise just like the politicians do. The give-up the ghost set of people he talks to are the artisans. He finds that although they do know many things, they train the same problem as poets, and Because each of them performed his craft well, he considered himself to be most wise about the greatest things (p.5 22d).Socrates is quick to point out that his disproving of these other peoples wisdom does not work out him think he is wise himself. He still maintains that knowing he does know nothing makes him both wise and unwise. Because he is self-aware, he knows that he is actually worth less with respect to

Social, Professional and Ethical Issues in Information System Literature review

Social, Professional and Ethical Issues in Information System - Literature review ExampleThis has sure as shooting been possible with the advancement in technology. Furthermore, this need was fulfilled by the web and software IT designers in a much effective and functional manner, as explained in the book published by the Center for fiscal Training. On the contrary, it is necessary to understand if these software and IT systems are in breach of all of the ethical laws or legal principles set by the governing authorities, or if these IT systems are strong and protective enough to debar any frauds or theft of the nodes information, data, or belongings since it is the technology that leads towards the secruity violations (Center for Financial Training., 2009). Kondabagil, claims that although, online banking has been claimed as the most secured method by the banking sector but it has been facing ups and down regarding the security and privacy of the clients data and thefts. ... inf ormation Protection Act of 1998 match to the Data Protection Act of 1998, the British Government has provided a detailed list of the provisions that comes under the Act. From Right to Access Personal Data to Code of Practice, Restrictions and Penalties, every topic has been discussed to minimize chances of confusion regarding fraud data usage (Legislation.Gov.UK, 1998). This whitethorn help the online banking services and the IT systems that are designed for it. For example, if stricter laws will be applied and handsome penalties and punishments will be given to the accused then he or she will think twice before violating any law or regulation or conducting any ATM crime (Quinn, 2010). Relationship between silence and Online Banking There are numerous issues regarding privacy and online banking, which has shown the failure of the IT systems. These issues dumbfound given rise to different social, paid and ethical problems in the society. In legal terms, these issues have also vio lated many regulations, laws, and principles, which are simply designed as a guideline for online social, professional, and legal ethics. Because of this percentage of e-crime in different countries is increasing enormously. According to The 2013 Identity Fraud Report issued by the Javelin Strategy and Research it was revealed that more than $21 Billion have been stolen through different online fraud cases in banks. Different categories of online banking had been the victim of IT malfunction or ATM theft. It was describe that 5.26% of U.S. adults are affected every year because of this issue. These IT issues vary from social to ethical and legal aspects while talk about

The Effect of the Internet on Global Marketing Strategies Assignment

The Effect of the Internet on world-wide Marketing Strategies - Assignment ExampleInternet services are important because they help global merchandise possible because international businesses now attempt to use possible worldwide marketing instead of nationalized marketing(Shaw, 2012). In this case, the internet has two main purposes, demanding and enabling. Enabling allows consumers to get in contact with a wide regorge of products (Shaw, 2012). Clients who use or visit the websites share common lifestyles of communication because they have been directed to communicate with some other customers through the internet (Shaw, 2012). Furthermore, customers use different languages. This motivates the use of the English language, which is a common language of fundamental interaction (Shaw, 2012). In the demanding marketing strategies, the websites or the internet command that merchants use internationally recognise product names. Using internet companies are in a position to identif y leading states. This is usually achieved using global state competitions among manufacturing companies. Here, the internet provides information about the leading states or countries. Through the internet, consumers raise recognize the current trends and fashions that emerge because of technological developments (Ancarani, 2002).Initially, the internet was introduced as a channel of education population through research and education (Ancarani, 2002). However, it has developed to educate consumers on the type of current products in the market (Ancarani, 2002). This is because it is still a source of information to consumers. Consumers are currently seeking information about products from the internet. This is positive because they have chances of choosing different products from different companies. This changes the techniques of marketing used by different manufacturing companies (Ancarani, 2002).

Reflection - essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Reflection - - Essay exampley include wet for sanitation use, but also drinking body of water bottles, and it needs to be known that they are highly expensive across the country, almost around the same price as petrol.We need to take some measures as a country to ensure we utilize water expeditiously so as to ensure the resource lasts for a while and our younger one are not deprived of the key resource. To start off with we should limit out use of water, which sheds light on our fist R-Reduce (Roca and Curto, 2007). WE can do this by only consuming water when required, switching off taps when the water is not in use and placing fines on wastage of water. The second R-Reuse tells us to reuse the water rather than wasting used water. To think of it, water used by human can be used for water soils amongst other things. Also drainage water should be stored and diverted to where it can be used, rather than provide fresh water. The third and final R is Recycle and focuses on recycli ng water once it has been used. The water used up can be recycled by plants that can be setup by the UAE government, and thence be supplied to the people living in UAE. While its acceptability may cause questions, people should be explained about its benefits to the society as a whole and its use should be

Equities and Fixed Income Investments Assignment

Equities and Fixed Income Investments - Assignment ExampleWhile the analysis of the free money devolve willing indicate if the go with enjoys an unobstructed campaign of cash. The analysis of the free cash flow to blondness will indicate if the company is in a position to service the paleness holders after elucidation all the expenses, reinvestment and repayment of debt. The analysis of the EBITDA indicates the cash flow from the operations (Hatten and Ruhland, 2005). The cash flow from the operations will indicate if fitting to optimize its operational performance. With the increase in the efficiency of the operations the cash flow of the firm will increase. Table 1 Tabulation of different ratios 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Gearing ratio 0.95 0.91 0.90 0.90 0.90 EBITDA 492.2 469.8 497.7 507.4 451 FCFE N/A -86.8 -89.9 -376.6 -162.1 FCFF N/A 252,286.60 239,185.37 220,906.19 2,284,070.11 Source (Severn Trent yearbook Report, 2013) Fig 1 Gearing ratio Source (Severn Trent Annual Report, 2013) The gearing ratio increased considerably in the last 5 years. This indicates that Severn Trent change magnitudely resorted to debt financing. The increase in the debt financing puts Severn Trent in a risky state, since higher the debt, higher the chance of insolvency, if the company is not able to finance the debt with the revenue (Jang and Namkung, 2009). This also indicates that the company has already resorted to huge amount of debt financing Severn Trent is in a highly leveraged position due to the presence of significant percentage of debt in its capital structure. Being in a highly leveraged position indicates that the company has a strong credit score otherwise the investors would not have taken Severn Trent into confidence (Kutner, Nachtsheim and Neter, 2004.). The highly leveraged position of Severn Trent also puts enormous pressure on the company to finance the debts. Fig 2 EBITDA Source (Severn Trent Annual Report, 2013) The EBITDA does not indicate a line ar change magnitude form or decreasing trend. It is a mixed trend of intermittent ups and downs. Earnings before interest, tax, derogation and amortization ar highest in year 2010, while it is lowest in the year 2009. The increasing trend in the EBITDA is an indication that the company is in a position to finance the interest payments quite efficiently (Miravete, 2003). Although the previous graphs already indicate that the company is already in a highly leveraged state. This means that although the EBITDA shows an increasing trend but the highly leveraged position of the company are putting severe pressure on the EBITDA due to the need to clear the interest payments (Pinhanez, 2001). Fig 3 FCFE Source (Severn Trent Annual Report, 2013) The free cash flow to equity showing a constant negative trend for the past 4 years, which is a cause of concern. The negative value of the ratio indicates that the company has been suffering cash crunch for the past 4 years. This clearly indica tes that the company faced trouble trying to clear the dividend for the equity holders (Stumpf, Dunbar and Mullen, 2001). This is because of the reason that the equity holders are paid only after clearing the expenses for reinvestment and debt repayment. The negative ratio of the free cash flow to the equity shareholders is a clear sign of the fact that the expense due to the reinvestment

The Case of Misbehaving Data or the Proverbial Plan B Essay

The persona of Misbehaving Data or the Proverbial Plan B - Essay ExampleFurthermore, while parametric tests most(pre titular) likely require numerical scores, responses in a nonparametric test are usually categorized. It should then(prenominal) be noted that putting responses under these classifications entail that these data involve measurement on nominal or ordinal scales and thus, cannot produce numerical determine that can be used to calculate mover and variances. This would mean that data for a number of nonparametric tests are simply frequencies.An example of a nonparametric test is the Mann-Whitney test which is used for testing differences between means when there are two conditions and contrary subjects have been used in each condition. For example, an experiment may be carried out to investigate the soporiferous effects of certain recreational drugs (Leech, Barett, & Morgan, 2005). Twenty clubbers are tested with 10 clubbers given an ecstasy birth control pill to ta ke on a Saturday night while 10 are allowed only to drink alcohol. Then, their levels of showtime are measured.In apply SPSS to analyze the given data, it should be noted that the data must be inputed using a coding variable. Thus, the data editor allow have three columns of data where the first column is the coding variable with two codes (for example, 1 = ecstasy and 2 = alcohol). The second column will contain values of the dependent variable while the third column will contain values of the independent variable. An exploratory analysis in SPSS will reveal that the data is not normally distributed, indicating that a nonparametric test should be used.To run the analysis, the main dialog box should be accessed by using Analyze, followed by Nonparametric Tests, followed by 2 Independent Samples. The dependent and independent variables should then be located in their corresponding boxes and the coding variable should be placed in the box labeled sort variable. the corresponding numeric codes should then be inputed and after clicking OK, SPSS

Theater and war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Theater and war - move ExampleThe play starts off in a club, in Vietnam, and it was during a period before the Americans were removed(p) from Saigon. The main theme that was brought out in the play was love. A seventeen year old deprive by the name Kim was working in the club, and there she met the engineer. At the same time, other ladies are preparing themselves for the nights show. The Americans knew that they were difference Vietnam soon, and they were enjoying themselves with the prostitutes (Behr and Mark 95). Through the persuasion of John Thomas, Chris Scott who was a sergeant met Kim. He could be able to disunite that Kim was a naive girl, but he dragged her in a room. Chris lamented on why God allowed him to fill Kim as they were almost leaving Vietnam. He persuaded her not to sell her body in the club because he wanted to marry her. Despite the risk that Saigon would be taken over by Vietnamese Chris was left-hand(a) behind and he traded a visa for Kim to move to Ame rica. Eventually, Chris married Kim in a wedding solemnity (Behr and Mark 101). All my sons theatrical play The play all my sons are articles written by Arthur Miller, which describes traitorousness to the American by Joe Keller. These events took place during the World War 2, where Joe Keller allowed his company to trade unworthy aero plane cylinders to be used by the United States armed forces. This caused the death of the American pilots who were more than twenty. Steve who was a business match to Joe had noticed the unworthy parts, but Joe went ahead and allowed the shipment of the faulty parts. It was for this reason that the pilots died, and the two were arrested. However, Joe managed to release himself and the convict shifted to Steve. One of the main characters in the play is Kate Keller. She took part and the title mother in the play. She was described as the wife to Joe Keller and a mother to Chris and Larry. She lost her son Larry in the war and despite the fact that she had a successful man and another son she could not forget her son Larry. She demonstrated more broad issues than grief for the loss of her son, which was shown by her self-denial and delusions (Miller 7). She took her husbands secret as a heart and still tried to show a clear conscience of an untroubled woman to the world. She tried to spread over suspicion and nervousness, and this led to her suffering from nightmares and severe headaches (Miller 10). She had a character of self-preservation which developed her fantasies towards Larry. She still had hope of the go through of Larry and feels threatened when someone close to Larry failed to share her confidence. Stage make ups and war plays A stage authorship is the mode of painting the stage to bring out the message in the play. It entirely involves the paintings, drawings and the costumes of the actors. The stage physical composition plays a very major role in bringing out the appearance the actors want to portray. It al ike helps the public in understanding the message behind the play. The paintings and the drawings at the stage should be designed such that they explain the message of the play in a simpler way that will enable each and both person to understand. War plays are plays that are constructed to preach peace and reconciliation especially in regions that baffle recently faced warfare. The stage makeup

Professional Nursing Mission Statement Essay Example for Free

master breast feeding Mission Statement EssayThis maestro breast feeding Mission Statement describes the maestroism a apply enquires to perform excellent trouble in the health environment. The Mission also demonstrates different aspects of nursing and what nurtures be to look forward to now and into the future.A. Functional Differences progress of Nursing has an authoritive role in nursing. They are made up of professionals that make up rules so the cherish is aware of what is tout ensembleowed or non tolerateed in their scope of practice. Theses rules whitethorn differ from state to state only if primarily, their focus is to protect the public from people who practice nursing without the appropriate qualifications. State Board of Nursing has the authority to rescind and reissue licenses. Board of Nursing also decides on penalizing action against a nanny who has a complaint or lawsuit against them (Villaceran, 2007). The State of Hawaii board of nursing purpose b y and large claims just the very(prenominal). It claims that anyone posing as a nurse must orient proof in raise to safeguard life and health (Hawaii Revised Statute Chapter 457 Nurses, 2013).A professional nurses organization, or PNO, such as the American Nurses Association for example, was generated to direct a licensed nurse on how to present him or herself in an ethical manner. Although it is non law, it should be practice as a guide to uphold the integrity of the nurse (American Nurses Association, 2001). PNO defines the nurse Code of Ethics and the Scope of Practice. They also explains what a nurse is and promote professionalism. PNO may be involved with research to improve the quality of persevering negociate as substantially as be apart of the political decision-making to endorse them (Sauls, 2013).B. Nursing Code ExampleA nursing code of moral philosophy is a bang-up place to start with to guide any nurse to become a neat health complaint provider. American Nurs es Association, also known as ANA, Code of Ethics gives ideas on how one may motive to envision themselves as a noteed nurse with values. It identifies how a nurse may want to carry themselves in the workplace with quality and good integrity. ANA provision 1 seems to define what a nurse is all about. It describes the nurse as student nurses were taught to be in nursing school. Practicinghuman dignity keeps nurses in good standing with the Gallup polls. In 2008, Gallup polls showed that 84% of the people see nurses as the most ethical. This is the highest amongst former(a) occupations (Cherry, 2011). Generating a relationship with the patient is inevitable. Theres no way a nurse can do their job without first establishing a relationship with the patient. The question is, leave alone a nurse generate a good relationship as oppose to a bad one? To give good care, the nurse and the patient is in need to be on the same page where the patient is made to feel as they are the one in cha rge of their care.So, if a patient does not feel like getting up to work with animal(prenominal) therapy the nurse should grant their wishes. Nurses should not force patients to do things the patient does not want to do. The nurse should first elevate the patient that it is important to take their daily medications or encourage them to get up for physical therapy, for example. If they continue to ref spend, the patient should have the sense of control of their care by not feeling threatened for not wanting to take their medication or getting up for physical therapy. But, al lower-rankinging the patient to set a plan for their day may have the patient more cooperative and less stressed. ANA code of ethics provision 5 is a code that states the nurse owes the same duties as others, including the responsibility to preserve integrity and safety, and maintain competence, and to continue personal and professional growth. (American Nurses Association, 2001).Moral arrogance is required to carry out this code not only to ones self but to the patient as well. It is a good start to establish trust. Moral respect should also be practice to the individuals in the interdisciplinary team involved. Moral self-respect is key to keep self-esteem and respect to others. It keeps the feeling of symmetry in a patients care. Having a good rapport with the interdisciplinary team will keep the all on the same page as far as patient care. With the every changing healthcare system of ruless and updated research, nurses are in constant need to keep up for the sake of keeping the patient up to date with healthcare technology (Amcee, 2003). This requires ongoing classes of not only updated technology but with competency as well. If the interdisciplinary team and peers are aware of this, this will boost trust and respect for the educated nurse.C. Professional traitsThe ANA Code of Ethics discusses many professional traits. Although all are very important and continuously need to be p racticed, the professional trait of Collaboration is essential for the interdisciplinary team to practice as well (American Nurses Association, 2001). Collaboration is the job description of any disciplinary team. It is valuable for all individuals to be apart of the care of the patient. Each member of the team gives valuable information from his or her expertise resulting in a holistic plan of care. Another professional trait the nurse to advocate to the interdisciplinary team is to respect the patients reclaim to self-determination while admitted in their care. Every patient needs to be apart of their care and should be able to claim what they want or do not want in their plan of care (American Nurses Association, 2001). This would give the patient a sense of control in their care and their life. Delegation is the third professional trait that is essential to the interdisciplinary team in order to give appropriate and timely care to the patient (American Nurses Association, 2001) .The interdisciplinary team all has his or her own unique specialty that will allow the patient to receive individual care they are requiring. Patients put their lives into the hands of the physician everyday. They trust that they will be taken care of as if they were the only patients the physician possesses. The nurses and staff are an extension of the physician. Everyone fetching care of patients has an obligation to continue that integrity the patient has already upheld in the physician. This is why provision 5 in the Code of Ethics should be practiced. This fourth professional trait allows the patient the feeling of respect and dignity. This sense will allow them to have faith in the nursing team and the healthcare system that they will have the best care possible (American Nurses Association, 2001).D. Recommended resourceJean Watson established in 1978 the opening of Human Caring. Watson introduces the 10 carative (or care) factors that support her theory. They are1. The fo rmation of humanistic-altruistic system of values2. The instillation of faith-hope3. The cultivation of predisposition to ones self and to others4. Thedevelopment of a helping-trusting relationship5. The promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings6. The systematic use of the scientific problem-solving method of decision making7. The promotion of interpersonal teaching-learning8. The provision for a supportive, protective, and (or) corrective mental, physical, sociocultural and spiritual environment9. Assistance with the gratification of human needs10. The allowance of existential-phenomenological forces(Nursing Theories, 2012).D1. Theory in Professional PracticesJean Watsons Theory of Human Caring is essential in patient care. Being in the hospital, forth from family and literally laying your life in the hands of a stranger cannot be easy. Human caring and showing compassion and empathy can possibly decrease stress and allow patients to focus on m eliorate and be compliant with their care. If patients feel good about their care theyll be more involved with their care. apply the environment of a Skilled Nursing Facility, as an example, where the healing process may take drawn-out than expected, following the 10 caratives in the Theory of Human Caring will not only show quality care but give the patient a pleasant hospital experience for the residue of their stayE. ContributionsLillian Wald was known for her works in the public health nursing. She believed that the caring for the patient should start in the beginning they end up in the clinic. She encouraged the importance of disease stripe and taught health education. She provided well-baby care and hardened minor illness in her main clinic named Henry Street Settlement House (Cherry, 2011). Lillian Wald emphasized the signification of prevention. A practice that continues to be reiterated everywhere. As seen in commercials or billboards or even on the radio, prevention is key to a long, healthy lifestyle. When patients leave the hospital, discharge education is vital to making sure they are capable to care for themselves and, hopefully, bring down the numbers of hospital visits.F. ScenarioOne linguistic rule I safeguarded for a patient was respect for autonomy.Sometimes patients are admitted into the hospital for something as simple as daily intravenous antibiotics. They are self-supporting with all of their activities of daily living. Sometimes these patients are intertwined with other patients in shared rooms. These independent patients, because of their alertness, should be able to be in a private room. These patients are not only of low acuity, but these patients will be happier not being around sicker patients. Happier patients means good rating for us.On the other hand, there are times when patients are admitted as stable yet confused. The second principle I safeguarded for a patent was non-maleficence. Because these patients are not in c ontrol of their thoughts or actions they are required to be supervised more closely than others. Patients who are at risk of getting hurt by getting out of bed without assistance can cause nurses to be of concerned. These patients can easily be put in a wheelchair and hang out with the nurses at the nurses station for continuous supervision from, not only of the team nurse but, all staff. This would allow more eyes on the patient convey down the risks of injury. This will also prevent more invasive means like using physical or chemical restraints.

Spanish literature Essay Example for Free

Spanish literature EssayFrom Latin litterae (plural) letter is the art of written work. The battle cry literature literally means things made from letters. The body of written works of a language, period, or culture. creative or creative writing, especially of recognized artistic value Literature must be an summary of experience and a synthesis of the findings into a unity (Rebecca West). The art or occupation of a literary writer. The body of written work produced by scholars or researchers in a given field.Printed material written material such as poetry, novels, essays, etc. , esp works of imagination characterized by excellence of appearance and expression and by themes of general or enduring interest. The body of written work of a token culture or people Written or printed matter of a particular type or on a particular subject Printed material giving a particular type of cultivation The art or profession of a writer Obsolete learning Writing in prose or verse regarded as having permanent worth through its intrinsic excellence. The entire body of writings of a specific language, period, people, etc. The writings dealing with a particular subject.The profession of a writer or author. Literary work or production. Any kind of printed material, as circulars, leaflets, or handbills. Archaic. literary culture detainment of letters and books. Creative writing of recognized artistic value writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest,are characteristic or essential features, as poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays. Written works (such as poems, plays, and novels) that are considered to be very good and to have lasting importance.

Change Quantity Demand Essay Example for Free

depart beat Demand EssayA campaign on a given pick up crape caused by a transplant in affect expenditure. The only factor that can cause a transplant in meter requireed is price. A related, and distinct, concept is a convert in read. A change in quantity get hold ofed is a change in the specific quantity of a good that buyers are unbidden and able to buy. This change in quantity requisiteed is caused by a change in the occupy price. It is illustrated by a movement along a given demand carousal. In fact, the only way to induce a change in quantity demanded is with a change in the price. Anything else, everything else, causes a change in demand. As the demand price induces a change in the quantity demanded and a movement along the demand curve, the phoebe bird demand determinatives (buyers income, buyers preferences, other prices, buyers expectations, and number of buyers) remain unchanged.Demand and Quantity DemandedTo set the stage for an understanding of th is difference, take product line of two related concepts * Quantity Demanded Quantity demand is a specific quantity that buyers are willing and able to buy at a specific demand price. It is but ONE point on a demand curve.* Demand Demand is the range of quantities that buyers are willing and able to buy at a range of demand prices. It is ALL points that make up a demand curve.Making ChangesSo what happens when the phrase change in is placed in front of each term? * Change in Quantity Demanded A change in quantity demanded is a change from one price-quantity pair on an existing demand curve to a new price-quantity pair on the SAME demand curve. In other words, this is a movement along the demand curve. A change in quantity demanded is caused by a change in price.* Change in Demand A change in demand is a change in the ENTIRE demand relation. This means changing, moving, and shifting the inherent demand curve. The entire set of prices and quantities is changing. In other words, this is a shift of the demand curve. A change in demand is caused by a change in the five demand determinants.Changing the QuantityA Change in Quantity Demanded-Top of FormBottom of FormA change in quantity demanded is a movement along a given demand curve. A change in demand is a shift of the demand curve. These alternatives can be illustrated with the negatively-sloped demand curve presented in this exhibit. This demand curve captures the specific one-to-one, law of demand relation between demand price and quantity demanded. The five demand determinants are assumed to remain constant with the construction of this demand curve. * A Change in Quantity Demanded A change in quantity demanded, which is only triggered by a change in demand price, is a movement along the demand curve.Click the A Price Change button to demonstrate.A Change in Demand A change in demand, which is triggered by a change in any of the five demand determinants, is a shift of the demand curve. Click the A Determinan t Change button to demonstrate.An Important Difference wherefore is this difference so important? The answer is as simple as cause and effect. The demand curve is used (together with supply) to explain and analyze market exchanges. The sequence of events follows a particular pattern. * First, a demand (or supply) determinant changes.* Second, this determinant change causes the demand curve (orsupply curve) to shift.* Third, the change in demand (or supply) causes either a shortage or a surplus imbalance in the market. The market is in a temporary postulate of disequilibrium.* Fourth, the shortage and surplus imbalance causes the price of the good to change.* Fifth, the change in price causes a change in quantity demanded (and supplied).* Sixth, the change in quantity demanded (and supplied) eliminates the shortage or surplus and restores market equilibrium. The name conclusion is that demand (and supply) determinants, which induce changes in demand (and supply), are the source of instability in the market. The change in price, which induces a change in quantity demanded (and supplied) is the means of eliminating the instability and restoring equilibrium.

Frankenstein and Macbeth Essay Example for Free

Frankenstein and Macbeth EssayThe novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley and the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, both adhere to the Shakespearean view of tragedy. They contain elements of the supernatural and enforce literary devices uniform Nemesis Pathos. We work through the passion ambition of characters, ultimately leading to their tragic flaw. only when in both cases, not every character is deserving of his/her fate.Frankenstein and Macbeth, both contain elements of the supernatural. In Macbeth on that point are witches and powers of witchcraft. On the other hand, the story of Frankenstein contains a so-called devil in flesh the Monster. some(prenominal) Macbeth and Frankenstein are above-average human beings with exceptional qualities. In both cases, the tragic admirer is a man of awful potential and capability. The Monster created by Frankenstein is totally supernatural. There are also supernatural occurrences in Macbeth, like for instance when King Duncan is murdered.The two stories have a main character, Frankenstein and Macbeth. They both have a hero and a heroine in them. In the story, Macbeth and Frankenstein suffer due to their simple mistake that led to serious consequences. twain the stories arise pity and fear in the audience or readers. Towards the end, we feel a need for these characters to be punished for their crime (Nemesis). The stories end with the death of Frankenstein and Macbeth. The tragedy lies in the fact that their greatness is being wasted.We see passion and ambition tempt an essentially good man to embark on a subscriber line of action that sends him on the downward path to destruction. Macbeth and Frankenstein are driven by passion, which ultimately become their tragic flaw. Frankenstein is not a villain. He is a tragic figure who was tempted and who fell. Macbeth on the other hand, is not nevertheless a tyrant.

A few factors Essay Example for Free

A few factors EssayInvestigation A few factors (the incline/ prime of ramp, the lot of the mark, friction, gravity, the energy act on the object or the length of object) stinkpot allude the lowest f number of an object at the end of the ramp. Planning I am going to do my investigation on visual modality of the object which I think it is one of the factors that depart affect the final speed of an object at the end of the ramp because when gravitational potency energy equals to mass clock gravity magazines height, so if mass is increased, the gravitational say-so energy bequeathing increase in proportionally. I allow for do the prove by adding weights on top of a wooden get behind to increase the mass, and then I get expose time how long it takes to fall down from the ramp and betoken the final speed by Diagram Weight add to the cart (grams) 0 100 cc 300 400 Time (sec) 678 607 721 686 693 Weight add to the cart (grams) 500 600 700 800 900 Time (sec) 719 703 661 677 657 My experiment results be According to the results, mass does not affect the final speed of an object at the end of the ramp.I think this is because when something is dropped, it entrust transfer from gravitational potential energy to kenetic energy So I am going to change my investigation on the height of the ramp. I think height of the ramp will affect the final speed of an object when height of the ramp is increased, the gravitational potential energy will increase proportionally due to G. P. E. = mass x gravity x height Method of doing the experiment I am going to do it by using a ramp that I evoke increase the height. Then I will release the cart at the top of the ramp and time how long it will take for the cart to come down.I will increase the height by 5cm each time (5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm and 30cm). I will take down the time thrice to get the ordinary time of it because it is more reliable. Then I will work off the average speed. I will divide the length o f the ramp by the time interpreted and work out the final speed by doubling the average speed. The length of the ramp is one metre and the weight of the cart is 900 grams. I can make this a fair test by not pushing the cart, doing average on the time, and keeping the mass the same. Apparatus I will need.A clamp to hold the ramp, A ramp, A wooden cart as the object and A stopwatch for timing for the experiment. Safety features I will make sure it is safe by putting books at the end to stop the cart from bumping into others feet and I will make sure no one is standing near it. I will do the whole experiment on the ground because this can stop things from falling down the table and tap peoples feet. Diagram Evidence/results I spend a penny my experiment results after all of this and they ar Height(cm) 5 10 15 20 25 30 Average Time(sec) 409 231.180 154 137 110 According to the results, in that respect seems to be a trend. So, I think I will calculate the final speed. Height(cm) 5 10 15 20 25 30 Final speed(cm/s) 0. 489 0. 865 1. 111 1. 299 1. 46 1. 818 The trend is obvious now. It shows that whenever the height is increased, the time taken will decrease and the final speed of the cart will increase. From we calculate gravitational energy (mass x gravity/acceleration x height), height seems to be one of the main factors that can affect the G. P. E. because as height increases, the G. P. E.will be affected by it.Example if an object with constant gravity (x), constant mass (y) but falls from changing heights (5 and 10), the outcome will be 5xy and 10xy and this also proved that when the height is increased, the G. P. E. will increase. The furys of gravity pulls down on all objects have on Earth. If objects are allowed to fall, they accelerate downwards. Therefore, if an object is allowed to fall from a higher place, the gravity will pulls down the object with a greater force and the object will accelerate faster as it comes down.If the object falls from a highe r place, there will be more time for the object to accelerate, so the final speed of the object will be faster, and as the gravitational force is greater, the object is being pulled harder and quicker. Therefore, this explains why an object will have a faster final speed at the end of the ramp whenever the height of the ramp is increased. At first, I did an experiment on mass of the object that the experiment doesnt work. I have found out that mass doesnt affect the final speed of an object.When an object is held at a certain point, gravitational potential energy is stored when it is dropped, it will transfer gravitational potential energy to kenetic energy. So that means Gravitational potential energy = kenetic energy Mass x gravity x height = 0. 5 x mass x velocity This shows that mass exists on both sides of the equation, that means it can be cancel out to simplified the equation. So the equation will become Gravity x height = 0. 5 x velocity That means mass does not affect the v elocity on the right side of the equation. interpret I have also plotted a graph of height against final speed, and after that, I have drawn a line of ruff fit. The graph shows a straight line of best fit. The graph shows a straight line of best fit and this shows height and final speed are in direct proportion. This proves when the height of the ramp is increased, the final speed is increased and this means the object accelerates faster. Evaluations My results are quite accurate because on the graph, all of the results go very near the best-fit line.My results are quite reliable, as I do every height for three times and take the average of it. I can make the results more accurate by using a light sensor with the computer. This will be more accurate then using a stop watch because human need a time to react before their brain do what it is told to do which is the reaction time. I think my manner of doing the experiment is quite good because I can get accurate results from it. I ca n purify it by putting the ramp more stable and firmer because the ramp keeps on sliding down the slide.I think the method of doing the experiment is quite good because it gives me a quite accurate result and it takes slight than half an hour to finish the experiment. At first, I did an experiment on mass of the object that takes nigh 45 minutes but I got results that are not appropriate for my experiment. So I right away change the investigation on another topic. Although it wastes lots of time, I learn that mass of an object will not affect the final speed of a falling object.

The representation of Gender roles Essay Example for Free

The copy of Gender roles EssayThe re presentation of Gender roles is an issue show in The Penguin best Australian hapless stories collection. The issues of sexuality are expressed through grammatical sex distinction, stereotypical gender roles, the economic basis of marriage, and the expectations of women. These beliefs and their changes as the stories became more modern are presented through the stories, Monsieur Caloche, The Lottery and A Gentlemans Agreement.The representation of gender inequality is expressed in the story Monsieur Caloche (1889) through a satirical point of view. This story represents the workplace and throughout some of the story the readers notice that there was a deficiency of fe manly characters. The irony is that at the end of the stories the readers queue up out that the main character Monsieur Caloche is in fact a young girl, who had lost her beauty by and by suffering from sm all in allpox, and resorted to looking for a job as a boy. Hiding the loss which had deprived her of all the glory of her sex. Beauty is more than skin deep, however Monsieur Caloche had not known it. This is an example of gender inequality in Australia during the 19th century.The story The Lottery (1943) represents the stereotypes of the gender roles through the view of Ted, the married man. Ted had strong opinion rough what men and women were supposed to act and about what a salutary husband and a good married woman did. All she had to do was stay at home and look after the children. he had a deal of his washed cream trousers, the childrens neatness, the tidy house. That was being a good wifeand he has always been a good husband, always brought his money home, never looked at another woman. This shows that the genders were stereotyped in Australia in the 1940s.Another gender issue brought up in the story The Lottery is the economic basis of marriage. The man was the economic grounding of the family and everyone in the story assumes that a w ifes money is her husbands to dispose of. He could do almost anything he could pretend of with five thousand pounds. This shows that Ted was already assuming the money was his, as does his neighbour who had money problems. Ted says confidently to him I wont see you stuck, old man.The Lottery also brings up an issue of expectations and changes of the women in the 1940s. Ted had expected mercy to call him to tell him the news of the Lottery and to tell him about everything she does. The readers notice that he was more detailed of good will than affectionate. He was more concerned about where Grace got the money to buy the Lottery ticket. It seems that she had no right to spend his money on something other than the basic needs of the family. He mustve been paying her as well as much for housekeeping. This shows that there were high expectations of Australian women during that period of time from their husbands. The women were expected to do as if the husband owned them and their s ole role was to look after the family. At end of the Lottery we learn that Grace as a woman was satisfactory to take a stand for what she wanted and to go against her husband, which shows that the gender roles were changing.The gender roles in the Australian short stories seem to shift as they become more recent. In the later story, A Gentlemans Agreement (1974) , there were no strong male characters at all. The mother was able to look after the family and was able to outsmart a man in order to do so. She tricks the buyer of the farm into a Gentlemans Agreement and when questioned by her children she says confidently, Well he can come on his everywherethrow at any time, there is nothing in the gentlemans agreement that says he cant. This shows dramatic change of the female role in comparison to the earlier story Monsieur Caloche which presents women as the crush. The mother in the Gentlemans Agreement was dominant. until now she still followed the expectations of looking after her family, yet she was also able to support her family economically.The Variation of gender roles over time can be seen to the representations of women in the stories, Monsieur Caloche, the lottery and A gentlemans Agreement. These variations can be seen through the presentation of gender inequality, stereotypical gender roles, the economic basis of a family and the expectations of women. The change in female characters from the oppressed in Monsieur Caloche to the more dominant in A gentlemans agreement explains that there was a variation of gender roles for thecharacters, especially female characters, who not only fulfil their own roles but the roles of a stereotypical male as the stories became more modern.

Influence of alcohol on youths life Essay Example for Free

Influence of inebriantic beverageic beverage on y byhs a full of lifeness Essay alcoholic drink roast among the youths has become a major concern in the recent chivalric in various separate of the conception. alcoholic beverage is one of the closely nuisanced do drugss with more than 60% of homesteads having access to alcohol. While in the past alcohol was not termed as a drug, today it is the trail spring of many deaths in the unite States especi tout ensembley among the youths. Alcohol use and abuse by the youths has signifi keept impact on their mental festering and other health issues. Alcohol has been known to compromise the cap susceptibility of a mortal to perform virtually of the normal tasks and besides other complex tasks, the ability brain cells to retrieve reading and it alike slows schooling recording by the brain cells. Alcohol in like manner has the gist of degrading coordination and slowing down answer c atomic number 18 for. Apart from de stroying the brain, alcohol abuse leads to other physical health problems as well as friendly and economic problems (Buddy, para 2).Currently, most youths drink due to peer influence or just to bulge superior to their peers. Drinking has become a major problem in most colleges as more childlike hoi polloi engage in alcohol imbibing. In America for example, research has established that around 50% of all students consume alcohol even before they reach their 8th regulate (National initiate on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), para 1). This trend continues as the students continue to 12th grade with the frequency at which alcohol increasing as students sets on adolescent and early adulthood.Some of the shun impacts associated with youth tipsiness include risky sexual activities, high risks to societies and individuals through road accidents and concomitant deaths, alcohol stimulated or induced brain damage, increased crime much(prenominal) as homicide, assaults and rap es all associated with alcohol, curt academic performance and poor general health of youths who score alcohol among other effects (National play on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), para 1-2). This research paper will olibanum survey the various negative effects that alcohol abuse has on youths lives as well as their families and the friendship as a whole.Effects of alcohol abuse on youths As mentioned earlier, alcohol abuse is the leading cause of deaths in the United States as well as other parts of the world. Unlike in the past where terminal illnesses were ranked as the first killers in the world, today alcohol has been identified as the major killer around the world a scenario which has been attributed to the exposure of individuals to alcohol. Alcohol is one of the oldest drugs in the world. However, its abuse especially among the youths has increased in the recent past and its effects atomic number 18 felt across all nations (Felsted, pp 16).One of the major impact s of alcohol abuse on youths lives is that it interferes with the normal growing process of the brains. Current research has established that brain exploitation continues through the early twenties in a mortal. However, the pre-frontal cortex which is the part which is responsible for controlling cognitive ability and reasoning develops later in life as it takes a longer time to mature. Drinking in the early ages by a person (before the complete cultivation and maturity of the brain) thus affects a person memory as it damages the domain of the pre frontal cortex.most of the youths who begin drinking do so at tender ages when their brain cells ar still at the cultivation stages. Brain cells develop when individuals are young and excessive drinking interferes with this development making young heap more ineffective and un oil-bearing. Research has established that most of the youths start drinking before the age of 16 (Barnes Brown, pp 45). During this period, it is the time when brain cells full mature and intoxication with alcohol reduces or interferes with hormone release and functioning.Excessive use of alcohol reduces the capability of the brain to coordinate and integrate information thus interfering with good decision making process (Barnes Brown, pp 45). Academic degradation is another effect of alcohol abuse amongst the youths. As mentioned above, alcohol interferes with effective brain development as well as the ability of the brain to integrate and coordinate information to make meaningful translation of assimilated information. The ability of a person to comprehend and perform complex tasks and overly to control impulses is controlled by the pre-frontal cortex which is undo by early age drinking.Alcohol abuse also slows down a persons ability to be creative and make mature and meaningful decisions. close to of the youths who abuse alcohol are in their college levels or junior classes. Due to the negative impact alcohol abuse has on b rain development and concentration capability, such(prenominal) youths end up performing poorly in their course make water. Poor academic performance has various implications both in the short run and long run life of a youth. virtuallyly, students who perform poorly in class or course work end up get poor grades which in turn forces the students to retake a course or a unit.Students who are pressure to retake a course unremarkably find it to be offensive and end up displace out of school. This has further implications in their later life as it is difficult to find a railway line job without good grades. Also, students who perform poorly in their academics are unlikely to find good jobs to hold back them and their families in the future. They thus end up with blue collar jobs which are not capable of load-bearing(a) them financially in the long run (Buddy, para 4-6). Poor academic performance by youths and the subsequent loss of welfare has significant impact not only to t he youths but also the communities in which they live in.Youths are the energetic and creative generation which is entitled to take up community development projects and to take care of the younger ones in their families in cases where parents are old or incapacitated. When youths are involved in alcohol abuse, they are unable to bring development in their communities thus affecting the overall development of these areas. Also, the government loses out as there are few youths to employ in more advanced(a) careers thus end up importing professionals which can be costly.Alcohol has not only destroyed the future lives of youths but it has also destroyed the welfare of the families, societies and the overall economic growth of a soil (Barnes Brown, pp 76). Another negative impact of alcohol abuse among the youths is that it leads to loss of jobs thus economic welfare. Alcohol is actually addictive and once addict a person becomes alcohol dependence and cannot work effectively witho ut it. erst in the blood stream, alcohol changes the normal functioning systems and makes it to become dependent on alcohol for functioning.Most of the young adults have lost some(a) prestigious jobs due to alcohol habituation and abuse. Once fully addicted, a person cannot perform his or her duties and thus end up being retrenched or situated off from their work places. Loss of economic welfare renders a person incapable of feeding and winning care of his or her family leading to marital problems which whitethorn even lead to divorce or separation. national violence associated with alcohol and drug abuse is the main reason given by most people while filing for a divorce. Alcoholics tend to become violent and unruly which have negative impacts on the children development.Most children who are brought up in families characterized by domestic violence tend to become uncommunicative and perform poorly in class and they whitethorn even become violent later in their lives. early m arried couples who abuse alcohol are more likely to raise unhealthy families and are even more likely to be violent and disorderly (NIAAA, para 5).Alcohol abuse among the youths also leads to increased crime and homicide cases. In America for example, over 36% cases of homicide which are reported are cerebrate to alcohol intoxication and abuse. 0% of these cases are reported to have been bear downted by young persons to a lower place the age of 25 years whose history verify excessive use of alcohol (Felsted, pp 22). Alcohol has distinct effects on adults and youths which make these two groups of individuals to behave different while low its effects. In adults, alcohol acts as a sedative which makes the adults to be more controlled even after they are totally drunk. On the contrary, alcohol acts as a stimulator for young people which make them to drink past the necessary or legal limits.Alcohol brings some kind of energy in young people which stimulates them to do things they w ould preferably not do while sober. This explains why more homicide cases which are reported to be carried out by young people are linked to alcoholism. Other crimes which are commonly committed by young persons while under the influence of alcohol include rape cases, assaults and robberies. In America for example, over 45% of all rape cases are committed by young adults between the ages of 19 and 23 years while 44% of robberies and over 35% of assaults are all alcohol related.This is still the trend in most of the colleges where over 90% of all college rapes and violence are directly related to alcohol abuse. Most of the young persons who are imprisoned for homicide cases and rape cases attribute their actions to alcohol intoxication (Felsted, pp 25). Alcohol abuse amongst the youths is also an avenue through which most of the young persons are introduced to hard drugs such as cocaine, brown sugar, heroine and bhang. Young people are usually very eager and anxious to try out new t hings and delight in being adventurous.However, under the influence of alcohol, they become more vulnerable to be introduced to other dangerous drugs which are more inglorious to their health as well as their lives. Under the influence of alcohol, young people are unable to make rational decisions which make it easy for them to fall prey of hard drugs abuse. Most of the young people who are today addicted to drugs say they were first introduced to such drugs during a drinking spree. Once introduced to such drugs, it becomes difficult to quit and even treat. Other health complications whitethorn arise which may not only be costly to treat but may lead to death.Drug addiction is hard to quit hence it can easily destroy the live of the youth (Barnes Brown, pp 109). Death is also another negative impact of alcohol on youths today. Alcohol intoxicates the mind making a person to act and behave irrationally. As already mentioned, youths are in their development stages and they are very energetic, left over(p) and explorative. Unlike their counterpart adults, they tend to make decisions at impulse without thinking of the consequences that may accrue. Most of the youths who commit suicide are said to have prior being intoxicated with alcohol and other drugs.Alcohol is a leading cause of suicide cases which are reported around the world. Apart from suicide, most youths also meet their death while set aboutway under the influence of alcohol. It is normal for the youths to explore and try out different things to satisfy their curiosity. Drinking is one of the gist of doing this and at times they end up driving under this condition. This is dangerous as a person is not mentally and physically stable to drive which leads to major road accidents and deaths. Accidents caused by driving under the influence of alcohol are usually fatal and may cause further harm to other motorists and pedestrians as well.Families end up losing their children in such accidents all due to alcohol abuse. Another influence of alcohol on youths is that it leads to increased sexual bodily function amongst the youths which exposes them to dangers of contracting sexually transmitted diseases some of which may be terminal such as AIDS. Alcohol intoxicates a person and hinders rational thinking and decision making. Under the influence of alcohol, youths engage in sexual activities without reasoning or even taking precaution. This exposes or makes them vulnerable of contracting sexually transmitted diseases.Currently, most of the persons living with HIV/AIDS virus are young people and they attribute it to alcohol and drug abuse. Such diseases are terminal and before a youth realizes he or she is infected, he can pass it over to others especially when drunk. Once infected with sexually transmitted diseases especially those which are terminal, a person feels worthless and may even become ill to an extent that he or she cannot work normally or may even commit suicide. Youths w ho are energetic, creative and future leaders and pillars of the world thus end up dying due to alcohol abuse (NIAAA, para 7).Alcohol also leads to poverty both for the youths and their families in that once a youth becomes infected with sexually transmitted diseases their families are forced to cater for him which requires finances. Alcohol also has other health issues in the lives of youths. Alcohol is the leading cause of liver cirrhosis and kidney failure problems. Such diseases require a lot of money to treat and usually lead to diversion of money from other family welfare issues. This may easily lead to family poverty thus further complications in family matters.Alcohol abuse among the youths also leads to stress among the family members as they try to help the addicted person. Apart from economic constraints in the family for medical care, excessive alcohol especially amongst the youths makes them to become unruly and disorderly. They may also become abusive both physically a nd emotionally and sometimes sexually. This may cause trauma in families and may even attract legal suits against the perpetrator. Most of the youths are incarcerated as a outcome of alcohol abuse. This is also costly to their families as well as the youths (Felsted, pp 43-46).Alcohol drinking by the youths also affects their reproductive and maturation systems. During puberty and adolescence, young people experience rapid growth and set the invasion of maturity to adulthood. During this growth and development process, different hormones are released to aid in maturity of an individual and development of reproductive system. Alcohol destroys or tampers with the production of growth hormones thus slowing growth and development of productive organs, bones, and muscles. Excessive alcohol intake by youths especially in males can cause impotence or immaturity in development of sexual organs.Women who take excessive alcohol during their youth may also become infertile or develop other fertility complications in the future. This affects the future reproductive health of an individual as such people may become incapable of procreating. This is also a major reason for family breakups and divorces in the world (Barnes Brown, pp 116). Another heath effect of alcohol intake among the youths is that it lowers the immune system. depiction to alcohol especially during the youthful years leads to suppression of the immune system of an individual making such a person vulnerable to illnesses and diseases.Chronic exposure to alcohol changes the pattern in which hormones are released in the body. Hormones are the ones which stimulate the immune system in the body and once they are altered, the immunity of a person is affected greatly. Low immune system exposes a person to various kinds of health risks and diseases such as liver damage (NIAAA, para 9). Alcohol abuse by youths affects their behavioral development. Usually, youths who are under the influence of alcohol tend to be hoodlum and disorganized and pick fights with almost everybody even their parents and teachers.In colleges, such students education is terminated which may mean end of their careers and aspirations. Termination of education also means that they cannot get better compensable jobs due to lack of proper school qualifications and certificates. Alcohol makes the youths behave in an immature and irresponsible manner despite where they are. Behaving irresponsibly also has legal implications on youths. Most of the rowdy youths who become a public nuisance are picked up by the authorities and may be taken to rehabilitation centers or juvenile courts.This delays their education and prolongs their time in school which in some instances can be humiliating especially when a student is schooling with younger students. Such students may end up dropping out of school which further decreases their chances of getting good jobs. Alcohol for the most part leads to poverty in the long run for the youths (Felsted, pp 67-68). Conclusion Youth drinking has become a major concern in most parts of the world due to the negative impact alcohol has had on the young generation. The youth comprise of over 30% of the total population and they comprise the future generational leaders.Alcohol has however changed some of the youths and corrupted their energetic and agile minds rendering such youths almost futile to the global economy. Alcohol abuse among the youths is the leading cause for their deaths, poor performance thus poor paying jobs for the youths, diversion of family financial resources to cater for huge medical bills associated with alcohol related ailments, diseases and rehabilitation costs. Effects of alcohol on youths awareness campaigns should be planned to ensure that the future generation is protected.

European Year of Education through Sport 2004 Essay Example for Free

European Year of Education through and through period of p jell 2004 EssayResearch, analyse and critically examine the (European Unions) European Year of Education through Sport 2004, illustrating your answer with examples from European countries.Sport has been a major arna for the display of popular European appreciate ever since the truly first recorded Ancient Olympics were held at Olympia in 776 B.C. The Olympics of Ancient Greece and later on the modern Olympics gave rise to the ideology of Olympism, a way of life that embodies through sport these qualities and values. In the days that have passed, the changing face of sport has modelled and re-modelled itself in line with contemporary trends and technological advancements, but the meaning beliefs have remained the homogeneous. Whilst even consequently in its infancy, sport had to deal with bribery and corruption, with politics and commercialism the same evils that have plagued the sporting world at the highest le vel ever since sport has survived, and the ethos of sport and Olympism continue to be heralded as the archetype of health, vitality and virtue.In September 2003 a Eurobarometer survey was carried aside, in prescribe to establish the general public feelings towards reading through sport. The results it payed were unswerving in their support. Al to the highest degree two-thirds of the survey prototype cited team spirit as the most important sporting value, whilst 70% were in favour of a harder crackdown on doping in sport. Amongst other revelations of a similar trend it is notable that the 2 highest responses when asked if the EU should do more(prenominal) than to promote reading through sport were those of Greece (90% said yes) and Portugal (85%). These of course leave alone be the 2 main focal points for sporting excellence in 2004 hosting the Olympic Games and the European football game Championships respectively.It is clear that the officials of the European Union sh ato mic number 18 the belief that the prominent values and health benefits that quarter be garnered from education through sport are desirable. Following the conclusion of the Eurobarometer survey and further research, a cipher totalling 11.5 million was do available specifically for the initiative they dubbed The European Year of Education through Sport (eye). The allocation of the budget is divided, in simple terms, as described on the InfoBase Europe website, (www.ibeurope.com)A budget of 11.5 million will be available to support meetings, campaigns and events designed to further the aims of the Year through let out the European Union.Whilst 11.5 million may appear at first glance to be a substantial amount, further examination reveals otherwise. To be simp contestationic in analysis, let us say that the funds were equally divided amongst the European Unions 15 member states this would leave 766,667 (or 522,575 source www.xe.com) per nation to distribute internally to cover the entire year. This would work out at around 14,744 or 10,050 per week for the social unit country, far less(prenominal) than the wage of some professional athletes.The UK break of EYES has 3 key objectives1. Promote EYES in the UK and on a pan-European basis.2. Give as m whatsoever people as possible access to the work beingnessness undertaken during the EYES 2004 programme.3. Engage more young people in physical activity and sport, enhancing other developments in the field in the UK.These objectives concord parallel with those of the EU as a whole (see annexe 1).In terms of promotion, the initiative is being spearheaded by an All-Star team of popular former and current stars of European sport the most familiar of these by chance being Jurgen Klinsmann, Clarence Seedorf, Amelie Mauresmo and Sir Steven Redgrave. Alongside these 5 are another 37 individuals (as wellspring as the Latvian issue Football Team), ranging from internationally famed to somewhat obscure, all of whom ar e committed to actively supporting the campaign. (http//www.eyes-2004.info/254.0.html) there seems to be a solid base from which to build a real Europe-wide winner. In addition to the All-Star Team, EYES dissolve boast partners from all over Europe, from a variety of various sports as well as many Governmental ministries and Educational Associations, 4 TV Channels and, perhaps most significantly, Sponsorship from VISA and the German travel company Vietentours.There will certainly be a significant amount of promotional material surrounding EYES as the year goes on. The logo, accompanied by its slogan (move your body, stretch your mind) will be on display at nearly 200 events during 2004, including the Olympic Games, the Paralympic Games and Euro 2004. It appears that from a promotional point of view, as well as the infrastructure, the EU has got it right. There will be plenty of opportunities for people to find out around and participate in EYES.But then what? Even if we were to blanket the entire continent with an knowingness of EYES even if every school in every nation participated what next? 2005 will not be the European Year of Education through Sport, II. Surely the priority must be to lay down the foundations for future and go along education through sport throughout the continent? Any continuing legacy or suchlike goes unmentioned in the aims and objectives sections of EYES on both the official website and InfoBase.The focus seems to be on getting as many people interested in sport as possible, then assuming their enthusiasm will remain at a constant level without further promotion. It implies a level of naivety in terms of the EUs awake(predicate)ness of the seemingly obvious expendable novelty value that can be associated with most short-term governmental and pan-European events of this ilk. There is no function in coiffure to prevent the frame from slipping into history without having made any real long-term difference to the education of the public through continuing participation in sport.The official UK website (www.eyes2004.org) contains information for schools on how to get involved, discussion updates on EYES throws and media releases, and online challenges for schools to take part in by inputting results from varied activities into a database to create live, online competition between schools(http//www.eyes2004challenges.org/splash.htm)This attempts to address the access aim of the website whether or not it does this remains to be seen.In my personal experience, the efforts of the British arm of the project so far appear to have been poor, especially on the promotional side. Public awareness seems to be non-existent I have mentioned EYES to many people, young and old, at every level of the education system from my neighbours primary school children to my 16 year old brother, to my Mother, (a project manager at the local 6th form college). Neither any of them, nor any of the others I wheel spoke to were previ ously aware of the EYES. Whilst I am aware that this casual sampling cannot be considered in any way to be indicative of the entire British population, they dont exactly imply a resounding success of the project in my local area. However, it is important to note that in this, as in all cases, unaccompanied 4 months of the year have passed and there is still time for awareness to be created.There are 5 projects currently running here in the UKThe use of sport and education for the social inclusion of asylum seekers and refugees. (Loughborough University)Basic Skills and Education through Sport (Hull City Council)Clean Start programme (UK Sport) skill Through Football Euro 2004 (Football Association)Leeds Education Activity Partnership (Leeds City Council)http//www.eyes2004.org/projectnews.htmThe first project on the list highlights the poor promotional chance perfectly. Whilst it is being run here at Loughborough University the level of awareness of the project itself and of EYES as a whole has been tokenish.Continental Europe, however, may prove to be a different story. Whilst the British Physical Education system is comparatively relaxed in its decentralisation, possibly leading to the aforementioned ineffectualness in the dissemination of the EYES message, the French political infrastructure, for example, may prove a far more effective and efficient vehicle for the promotion of EYES due to its highly centralised nature.Another aspect is to promote the value of voluntary work for the young and the benefits it can provide for informal education. An example of this is in Portugal where by The Portuguese Youth Institute supported by the European Voluntary Service are giving children under the age of 16 the opportunity to help out in European Football Championships 2004 as ball boys and holding flags and banners before games. The aim of the scheme is to bring young people from different communities and racial backgrounds together through voluntary participat ion in sport.It may also be argued that, whilst 2004 may have initially appeared to be the ideal year for EYES, with 2 internationally prestigious sporting events being hosted in Europe the reality may be somewhat different in that EYES could well be overshadowed to the point of insignificance by both Euro 2004 and the Athens Olympics.To make a conclusive statement about the success of EYES at this early stage in the year would I feel be somewhat nave. It can be said however, that the right building blocks have been put into couch in order to make it a success. The infrastructure and the organisational aspect is far-reaching enough to be of use to the whole continent whilst remaining centralised enough in key areas to focus on the same goals. The promotional side is again set up right, with representatives from many sports and many countries being involved from the high-profile to the less glamorous.Whilst the signs of carrying out of EYES in schools are further LEAPS (Learning a nd education through activity and participation in sports) in Dublin Basic skills and Education through Sport (Hull) Together in Sport for growing up (Italy) the true results of EYES success in schools may take some time due to the awful amount of feedback required to get a realistic overview of all events and projects.The apparent lack of continuation in terms of the aims and objectives of the initiative can be put down to one of two things. One is that the EU are banking on the continuing success of a one-off push into sport, ignoring the possibility of a speedy return to the low participation rates of recent years. The more likely explanation is that, whilst the EU realise that the effects of EYES may wear off as the future years go by, it will be more effective, given the comparatively small budget available, to concentrate on getting the message out there to as many people as possible this year than to try to implement long-running programmes with less public awareness.Ultima tely the deciding factor on the success or failure of EYES, as with most things, will be the budget. Even if, as suggested, the money is directed in the correct manner with minimal amounts of wastage, it is still a relatively insignificant sum on an international scale. I would predict that for there to be any lasting impression left by EYES on the future education through sport in this continent, the amount of funding behind the initiative would have to be considerably larger.Bibliographyhttp//www.museum.upenn.edu/new/Olympics/olympicorigins.shtml(Accessed 15/03/04)http//www.ecdel.org.au/whatsnew/2003/sports.htm(Accessed 15/03/04)http//www.ibeurope.com/Database/Factsheets/F050eyes.htm(Accessed 15/03/04)http//www.europa.eu.int/comm/sport/key_files/annee_eur/a_2004_en.html(Accessed 15/03/04)http//www.xe.com/ucc/(Accessed 15/03/04)http//www.eyes2004.org/splash.htm(Accessed 17/03/04)http//www.eyes2004.org/projectnews.htm(Accessed 18/03/04)http//www.eyes-2004.info/254.0.html(Accessed 18 /03/04)http//www.eyes-2004.info/4138.0.html(Accessed 18/03/04)Annexe 1The Aims of EYES(http//www.ibeurope.com/Database/Factsheets/F050eyes.htm)The aims of the European Year are(a)to make educational institutions and sports organisations aware of the need for cooperation in order to develop education through sport and its European dimension, given the very great interest that young people take in all kinds of sport(b)to take advantage of the values conveyed through sport to develop knowledge and skills whereby young people in particular can develop their physical prowess and readiness for personal effort and also social abilities such as teamwork, solidarity, tolerance and fair play in a multicultural framework(c)to promote awareness of the absolute contribution that voluntary activities make to non-formal education, especially of young people(d)to promote the educational value of school-age child mobility and exchanges particularly in a multicultural environment through the organ isation of sporting and cultural contacts as part of school activity(e)to encourage the exchange of good practice concerning the role sport can play in education systems to promote the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups(f)to create a pause balance between intellectual and physical activity in school life by encouraging sport in school activities(g)to consider the problems relating to the education of young sportsmen and sportswomen taking part in agonistical sports.

Energy Drinks Essay Example for Free

capacity Drinks EssaySomething I learned in my pass away Health class is the ever-increasing use of todays modernistic Energy Drinks. Caffeine is the single virtually used drug in America. How many of us must take for that morning cup of hot chocolate before heading out the door? How many college students are staying up late at wickedness preparing for a mid-term or final exam by drink these new, all natural, safe, zero drinks? You may motive to read their labels and adjust your thinking. You may want to include a little research in regards to these drinks. At this time there is no long-term research to report on in regards to vitality drinks.What we do know is that these drinks have a variety of ingredients such as ginseng, amino acids, ginkgo, various vitamins, and high amounts of sugar. However, the original active energy ingredient is caffeine. At this time, the FDA does not regulate the amounts of caffeine that are in these drinks. They invoke that within a 12-o unce beverage serving the amount of caffeine should be 68 milligrams or less. A report published by the Journal of Analytical Toxicology showed that of ten of the most popular energy drinks had as high as 141 milligrams in one 16-ounce serving.The following 12-ounce energy drinks showed, Monster at 120 milligrams, bolshie Bull at 116 milligrams, and Amp hold oned 107 milligrams of caffeine. To give a comparison, look at Coke and Pepsi. They only contain between 34 to 38 milligrams of caffeine. Energy drinks have risen significantly in popularity in the put up few years with revenues exceeding $3. 5 billion a year and growing. One report states that with the new found popularity there are growing concerns of the possible health effects among children, adolescents, and adolescent adults.It states that 30 to 50 percent of America drinks energy drinks. Of this amount they report that one third are from the ages of 12 to 24 consume these beverages on a daily basis. Due to these bever ages being chilled makes them easier to consume quickly. High doses of caffeine have been linked to seizures, cardiac problems, mood or behavioral disorders, and diabetes. Additionally, these problems have been linked specifically to the consumption of energy drinks among children, teens, and young adults.There has been a growing concern amongst the medical community, parents, and school officials in regards to these energy drinks on our youth. Numerous reports are being found to the adverse affects these high caffeine drinks are responsible for. The Illinois envenom Control Center reported in a recent survey of more than 250 cases of caffeine overdose in a three-year period. The average age of these accounts was 21. A doctor from California reports that an eighteen year young man received treatment for an abnormal heart rhythm after consuming eight 16-ounce energy drinks per evening to remain alert during his night job.Another growing concern is the use of these energy drinks as a mixer with alcohol. A study from 2006 showed that the individuals surveyed were just as impaired in motor coordination and reception time as individuals drinking alcohol alone. As stated earlier, there is not much indorse on the effects of long-term use of caffeine on children or teenagers. It is known that it can create physiological and psychological dependence in adults. This being true, we must do everything possible to protect our children from these non-regulated beverages.We take up to insist on more research to be conducted in order to better inform the creation of the consequences of the consumption of these highly-caffeinated energy drinks and the adverse effects they have on our youth.(Word Count 606) Flores, D. (2011, 03 16). Health Effect of Energy Drinks on Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults, Retrieved 07 12, 2012, from ArticlesBase. com http//www. articlesbase. com/wellness-articles/health-effects-of-energy-drinks-on-children-adolescents-and-young-adults-44 23299. html.